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== Overview ==
 
== Overview ==
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This lecture introduces the problem of population stratification in the context of genetic association studies. It also discusses three possible strategies for handling population structure, specifically:
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This lecture introduces the problem of population stratification in the context of genetic association studies. It also discusses introduces several possible strategies for detecting and handling population structure, specifically:
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* Using family based association tests, such as the TDT.
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* Q-Q plots as a diagnostic tool in genetic association studies.
* Controling the overall inflation of test statistics, using the genomic control method.
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* Using family based association tests, such as the TDT, to avoid spurious association even when a single marker is tested.
* Using genotype based matching approaches.
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* Using the genomic control method to controling the overall inflation of test statistics, when many markers are tested.
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* Using genotype based matching approaches to model population structure more explicitly.
    
== Lecture Notes ==
 
== Lecture Notes ==
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*Methods for Inferring Population Structure
 
*Methods for Inferring Population Structure
 
**Pritchard, Stephens and Donnelly, 2000. Genetics 155: 945-959
 
**Pritchard, Stephens and Donnelly, 2000. Genetics 155: 945-959
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* Principal Components Analysis
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** Price et al (2006) Nature Genetics 38:904-909
    
*Transmission Disequilibrium Tests
 
*Transmission Disequilibrium Tests
 
**Spielman et al (1993) Am J Hum Genet 52:506-16 (trios)
 
**Spielman et al (1993) Am J Hum Genet 52:506-16 (trios)
 
**Curtis (1997) Ann Hum Genet 61:319-33 (sibling pairs)
 
**Curtis (1997) Ann Hum Genet 61:319-33 (sibling pairs)

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