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== Modeling Relatedness ==
 
== Modeling Relatedness ==
we use a variance component model to handle familial relationships.In a sample of n individuals, we model the observed phenotype vector ('''y''') as a sum of covariate effects (specified by a design matrix '''X''' and a vector of covariate effects '''β'''), additive genetic effects (modeled in vector '''g''') and non-shared environmental effects (modeled in vector '''ε'''). Thus:
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we use a variance component model to handle familial relationships.In a sample of n individuals, we model the observed phenotype vector ('''y''') as a sum of covariate effects (specified by a design matrix '''X''' and a vector of covariate effects '''β'''), additive genetic effects (modeled in vector '''g''') and non-shared environmental effects (modeled in vector '''ε'''). Thus the null model is:  
   −
  <math>\mathbf{y}=\mathbf{X}\beta +\mathbf{g}+ \boldsymbol{\varepsilon}</math>
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<math>\mathbf{y}=\mathbf{X}\beta +\mathbf{g}+ \boldsymbol{\varepsilon}</math>
    
== Single Variant Score Tests ==
 
== Single Variant Score Tests ==
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